一、引言以总线为基础的计算机系统的硬件必须在软件的支持下才可完成规定的工作,也就是说,系统的实际工作是由软件来确定的。操作系统是用于控制计算机系统运行的系统软件,通常由厂家提供,而应用软件是用某种计算机语言,为实现某种任务而编制的计算机程序,它负责指挥应用系统的运行。众所周知,只有完善的软件和硬件配置,才能确保系统正常运行。 I. Introduction Bus-based computer system hardware must be supported by the software to complete the required work, that is, the actual work of the system is determined by the software. The operating system is a system software used to control the operation of a computer system, usually provided by the manufacturer. The application software is a computer program written in a computer language to accomplish a certain task and is responsible for directing the operation of the application system. As we all know, only the perfect software and hardware configuration, to ensure the normal operation of the system.