论文部分内容阅读
【目的】了解南京市区学龄前儿童发育性运动协调障碍(developmental coordination disorder,DCD)的发生情况并分析其影响因素。【方法】采取分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取南京市区6所幼儿园4～6岁的儿童,共750例,由儿童的父母填写儿童DCD问卷和自编的基本情况调查表,对数据进行χ2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析。【结果】1)南京市区学龄前儿童DCD的阳性检出率为24.7%。不同年龄儿童间阳性检出率差异有高度统计学意义(χ2=19.748,P=0.000),不同性别间差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.239,P>0.05)。2)DCD组儿童在年龄、早期发育时是否爬行笨拙、独立行走时间、熟练用勺时间、熟练用筷时间、平均每天运动时间、运动项目种类方面与正常组差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。3)非条件Logistic回归分析中,是否爬行笨拙、独立行走时间和平均每天运动时间会对运动协调障碍的发生产生影响。【结论】DCD在南京市区学龄前儿童中发生率较高,应对家长和老师进行宣教并指导其采取相应的早期干预措施以促进儿童运动协调功能的发展。
【Objective】 To understand the incidence of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in preschool children in Nanjing city and analyze its influencing factors. 【Method】 A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 750 children from 4 to 6 years old in 6 kindergartens in Nanjing city. The children’s parents filled out the questionnaire of children’s DCD and self-compiled basic situation questionnaire, χ2 test and non-conditional logistic regression analysis. 【Results】 1) The positive rate of DCD in Nanjing preschool children was 24.7%. There was a significant difference in the positive detection rates among children of different ages (χ2 = 19.748, P = 0.000). There was no significant difference between different sexes (χ2 = 1.239, P> 0.05). 2) Children in the DCD group were clumsy in age and early development, independent of walking time, skilled spoon time, chopsticks time, average daily exercise time, the type of sports items and the normal group was statistically significant (P value <0.05). 3) Unconditional Logistic regression analysis, whether crawling clumsy, independent walking time and average daily exercise time will have an impact on the occurrence of motor coordination disorders. 【Conclusion】 DCD has a high prevalence among preschool children in Nanjing. It should educate parents and teachers and guide them to take appropriate early interventions to promote children’s motor coordination.