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采用淀粉凝胶电泳方法,对由日本海溯河洄游到中国境内绥芬河的三块鱼(Tribolodon brandti)和珠星三块鱼(Tribolodon hakonensis)繁殖群体的生化遗传结构及变异进行比较研究。结果表明,在选取的12种同工酶中共检测出27个基因位点,三块鱼和珠星三块鱼的多态位点比例分别为22.22%和18.52%,平均杂合度分别为0.067 0和0.069 5;除了三块鱼的Gpi-1和珠星三块鱼的Est多态位点外,两种鱼的Ldh-1、-αGpd-1、Sdh-1、Aat-1及三块鱼的Est多态位点上的基因型分布都显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表现出杂合子明显缺失或过剩现象;三块鱼和珠星三块鱼种群间相同基因位点上的等位基因分布频率出现显著的分化,遗传相似度和遗传距离分别为0.691 2和0.369 3。结论认为,三块鱼和珠星三块鱼的遗传多样性已达到种的差异水平。
The biochemical genetic structure and variation of three populations of fish (Tribolodon brandti) and Tribolodon hakonensis migrated from Hai Duong River in Japan to the Suifenhe River in China were compared using starch gel electrophoresis. The results showed that 27 loci were detected among the 12 isozymes selected. The percentage of polymorphic loci in the three fish and three fish was 22.22% and 18.52%, respectively. The average heterozygosity was 0.067 0 And 0.069 5; Ldh-1, -αGpd-1, Sdh-1, Aat-1, and three fish of two species of fish, except for the three-fish Gpi-1 and pearl-three Est polymorphic loci Est polymorphic loci were significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, showing a significant loss of heterozygotes or excess phenomenon; three fish and three populations of pearl fish population at the same gene allele distribution Significant frequency of differentiation, genetic similarity and genetic distance were 0.691 2 and 0.369 3. The conclusion is that the genetic diversity of three fish and three pearl fish has reached the level of species diversity.