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对20例食管鳞癌手术切除标本的食管周围组织及淋巴结癌浸润转移情况、标本切缘癌浸润与癌灶之间的距离以及癌旁组织病变进行观察，探讨食管癌手术切缘癌残留及外科术后复发与上述因素之间的关系。食管鳞癌癌体旁上皮改变可分为单纯性增生（6／20），不典型增生（8／20），原位癌（6／20）。在癌旁组织还可见食管鳞癌细胞转移，并可贴附在淋巴管或血管壁上，甚至堵塞管腔在局部增殖长大形成新的癌灶。癌细胞还可顺着食管腺导管向下直接扩散到粘膜下层，进一步向深部组织浸润，这种现象意近癌灶外意易见到。因此，为提高疗效，防止手术切缘残留，手术治疗中应尽可能地切除病旁及周围组织。
The invasion and metastasis of esophageal tissues and lymph node tissues of 20 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma specimens, the distance between the infiltrating carcinoma of the specimen margins and the lesions, and the adjacent tissue lesions were observed to investigate the surgical margins and surgical resection of esophageal carcinoma. The relationship between postoperative recurrence and the above factors. The epithelial changes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be divided into simple hyperplasia (6/20), atypical hyperplasia (8/20), and carcinoma in situ (6/20). Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis can also be seen in adjacent tissues, and can attach to the lymphatic vessels or blood vessel walls, or even block up the lumen in the local proliferation and growth to form new cancer foci. The cancer cells can also spread directly down the submucosa along the esophageal gland ducts, and further infiltrates into the deep tissues. This phenomenon is intended to be easy to see outside the cancer foci. Therefore, in order to improve the curative effect and prevent surgical margins from remaining, surgical treatment should be performed as far as possible to remove the disease and surrounding tissues.