一、前言油菜杂交育种中,引进基因资源、亲本种植、品种保纯及收获贮藏等是项复杂而繁重的任务,需要花费大量的人力和资金.如果杂交育种,仅种植母本,父本的花粉从品种资源机构提供,这样便可减少父本的种植和减轻种子贮藏的负担,并能保证种子的纯度,从而节省土地、人力和资金,取得事半功倍的效果. 杂交育种,父本的花粉若从外单位提供,那么必须解决花粉贮存、远距离携带和花粉活力测定的问题.目前国外虽有有机溶剂、液氮等保存花粉方法的报道,但这些方法设备复杂、携带不便、推广较为困难.国内这方面的报道还很少.花粉活力的测定,一般植物有离体萌发法和药物 I. Introduction In rape hybridization and breeding, it is a complicated and heavy task to introduce genetic resources, parental planting, variety preservation, harvesting and storage, etc., and requires a lot of manpower and capital. Pollen is provided from variety resources agencies, thus reducing the cost of planting and alleviating the storage of seeds and ensuring the purity of the seeds, thus saving land, labor and capital, with a multiplier effect. Hybrid breeding, male parent pollen At present, there are reports of pollen preservation methods such as organic solvents, liquid nitrogen and so on, but these methods are complex and inconvenient to carry and are more difficult to be popularized. Domestic reports in this area is still very small. Determination of pollen vitality, the general plant germination methods and drugs in vitro