近几来,美国城市及城市郊区的居民对居住区街道的“可居住性”表示出越来越大的关注。关于居住区道路,现行的设计和分类标准主要是满足机动车的运行、提供接近住宅的通道,没有反映出非机动车使用者(步行者、公共交通使用者、自行车交通、残疾人、老人以及儿童游戏)的需要。街道空间的主要部分用于机动车交通,对其它使用者而言,失去了应有的使用价值,即使机动车没有出现,但其速度、不可预见性仍然支配着整个街道空间,交通事故的阴影给城市居民带来了极大的心理压力。就汽车交通给居民生活带来的影响D·阿普尔亚德(D·Appleyard)曾进行过专门的调查研究,他的主要发现简单而明确,交通量越低,街道的可居性越高,这些结论的意义非常深远,在许多方面修改了美国城市的政策。保护居住区和环境的观念首先由英国的科林·布坎南 In recent times, residents of U.S. cities and suburbs of cities have shown increasing concern about the “inhabitability” of neighborhood streets. With respect to residential roads, the current design and classification criteria are mainly to meet the operation of motor vehicles and provide access to residential buildings. They do not reflect non-motor vehicle users (pedestrians, public transport users, bicycle traffic, disabled people, elderly people, and The need for children’s games). The main part of the street space is used for motor vehicle traffic. For other users, it loses its due use value. Even if the motor vehicle does not appear, its speed and unpredictability still dominate the entire street space and the shadow of traffic accidents. Give urban residents great psychological pressure. The impact of car traffic on residents’ lives D. Appleyard conducted a special investigation and research. His main findings are simple and clear. The lower the traffic volume, the higher the street’s inhabitability. The significance of these conclusions is very far-reaching. It has modified the policies of American cities in many ways. The idea of ​​protecting residential areas and the environment was first established by Colin Buchanan of the United Kingdom.