目的　探讨经阴道超声引导穿刺介入治疗盆腔不同良性囊性肿块的疗效和影响因素。方法　对12 9例患者共 16 1个囊性肿块进行经阴道超声引导下穿刺治疗。其中子宫内膜异位囊肿 38个 (A组 ) ,卵巢非赘生性囊肿 2 1个 (B组 ) ,阔韧带囊肿 16个 (C组 ) ,盆腔包裹性积液 39个 (D组 ) ,输卵管积水 4 7个 (E组 )。 A、B、C三组采用无水乙醇硬化治疗 ,D、E二组采用灭滴灵、丁胺卡那霉素等抗炎治疗 ,术后第 1、3、6个月各随访一次经阴道超声检查。结果　 16 1个囊性肿块术后 1、3、6个月的总治愈率分别为 5 9.0 % ,6 5 .8% ,6 0 .2 %。A、B、C三组的治愈率差异无显著意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。A、B、C三组的治愈率与 D、E二组的治愈率有显著差异 (P<0 .0 0 1)。A、B、C三组术后 1个月的治愈率较术后 3、6个月低而显效率则较高。 D、E二组治愈率随着随访时间延长而降低。结论　经阴道超声引导穿刺治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿、卵巢非赘生性囊肿及阔韧带囊肿均有显著效果 ,疗效判断以术后 3个月较为合理。盆腔包裹性积液及输卵管积水的疗效欠佳。 Objective To investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of percutaneous transvaginal ultrasound guided percutaneous interventional treatment of different benign and malignant pelvic masses. Methods A total of 16 1 cystic masses in 129 patients were transvaginal ultrasound guided puncture. There were 38 endometriotic cysts (group A), 21 non-neoplastic cysts (group B), 16 broad ligament cysts (group C), 39 pelvic fluid (group D) Hydrocephalus 47 (E group). Groups A, B and C were treated with absolute ethanol sclerotherapy. Groups D and E were treated with metronidazole, amikacin and other anti-inflammatory drugs. After the first, third and sixth months after operation, Ultrasonography. Results The total cure rates of 1, 3 and 6 months after operation in 16 cystic masses were 59.0%, 65.8% and 62.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the cure rates of A, B and C groups (P> 0.05). The cure rates of group A, B and C were significantly different from that of group D and E (P <0.01). The cure rates of group A, B and C at one month after operation were lower than those at 3 and 6 months after operation, but the effective rates were higher. The cure rates of D and E groups decreased with the follow-up time. Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasound guided puncture for endometriotic cysts, ovarian non-neoplastic cysts and broad ligament cysts have a significant effect, to determine the efficacy of 3 months after surgery is more reasonable. Pelvic encapsulated effusion and hydrosalpinia curative effect is poor.