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以盐酸为催化剂,通过水解3-丁烯腈合成3-丁烯酸,考察了3-丁烯腈初始浓度、反应温度、盐酸浓度对水解反应过程的影响;在此基础上,研究了3-丁烯腈水解动力学,拟合出了反应速率常数和反应活化能。结果表明,该反应为1级串连反应,同时盐酸浓度对水解反应速率常数有很大的影响:当盐酸的浓度低于5.0 mol/L时速率常数的关系为k1k2;且随着盐酸浓度的增大,腈水解反应活化能逐渐减小。
Hydrochloric acid was used as catalyst to synthesize 3-butenoic acid by hydrolysis of 3-butenenitrile. The effects of initial concentration of 3-butenenitrile, reaction temperature and hydrochloric acid concentration on the hydrolysis reaction were investigated. Based on this, Ketone nitrile hydrolysis kinetics, the reaction rate constant and reaction activation energy fitted. The results show that the reaction is a series of cascade reactions, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid has a great influence on the rate constant of hydrolysis: when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is lower than 5.0 mol / L, the rate constant is k1 k2; and as the concentration of hydrochloric acid increases, the activation energy of nitrile hydrolysis decreases.