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利用设置在分布区北缘江苏宁镇丘陵（句容、江宁）的各种试验测定林所收集的２４个种源、５０个江苏当地种源优树半同胞子代、１７个产地间杂交组合子代４９０株平均木选择材料，以及融水种源山洼、山谷、山坡３种栽植立地，３０００、４９５０、６０００株·ｈｍ－２３种栽植密度，以及６、８、１０、１５、１８ａ等５个年龄组林分２７５株样木材料研究杉木木材的基本密度变异规律。结果表明，杉木全分布区试验不同种源，江苏种源优树自由受粉子代家系，江苏江宁×四川德昌种源产地杂交组合子代间有显著的遗传变异（依次为：Ｆ＝６．７１＊＊＞Ｆ０．０１＝２．４０；Ｆ＝３．８７＊＊＞Ｆ０．０１＝２．１９；Ｆ＝２．６３＊＞Ｆ０．０５＝２．３６），具有选择改良潜力。栽植立地对融水种源幼龄材基本密度没有明显影响；林龄与栽植密度是引起木材基本密度变异的重要因素。供试测定材料基本密度与材积生长没有统计置信的负相关关系，性状间影响弱。杉木材性改良及生长与材性联合改良，可按“生长（材积）、材性（基本密度）两阶段独立选择法”进行改良。
A total of 24 provenances collected from forests, 50 offspring of elite tree-half sibling from Jiangsu provenances and 17 crosses between producing areas were measured by various experiments in the hills of Ningning, Jiangsu Province (Jurong, Jiangning) on the northern margin of the distribution area 490 average wood selection materials of offspring and three kinds of planting sites of meltwater seedling sources such as hills, valleys and hillsides, planting density of 3000, 4950, 6000 plants · hm-23, and 6, 8, 10, 15, Study on Variation of Basic Density of Chinese Fir Wood by Using 275 Samples of Wood from Different Age Groups. The results showed that there were significant genetic variations (P <0.05) among different provenances in the whole distribution area of Fir. The genetic diversity of F1 progenies in Jiangsu provenances was significantly lower than that in F1 progenies from Jiangning × Sichuan. 71 **> F0.01 = 2.40; F = 3.87 **> F0.01 = 2.19; F = 2.63 *> F0.05 = 2.36) with potential for selection improvement. The planting density had no significant effect on the basic density of juvenile wood from meltwater sources. The stand age and planting density were the important factors that caused the variation of wood basic density. There was no statistical negative correlation between the basic density and the volumetric growth of the test materials, and the weak influence among the traits. Cunninghamia lanceolata wood quality improvement and joint improvement of growth and material, according to “growth (volume), material (basic density) two-stage independent selection method” to be improved.