日本能源的总消耗量大约为3,800兆千卡,交通运输部门的消耗占其中的14％。日本国铁消耗的能源约为36兆千卡,约相当于交通运输部门总消耗量的7％,为全国能源消耗总数的1％。然而,国铁却担负着全国总运输量的20％(图1)。在日本国铁的能源消耗中,列车运输部门这个主要生产部门的消耗约占四分之三。此 Japan’s total energy consumption is about 3,800 trillion kcal and the transport sector consumes 14% of the total. Japan’s railways consume about 36 trillion kcal of energy, equivalent to about 7% of the total consumption of the transportation sector and 1% of the country’s total energy consumption. However, the State Railway is responsible for 20% of the country’s total transport volume (Figure 1). In the energy consumption of Japan’s national railways, train transportation accounts for about three-quarters of the consumption in this major production sector. this