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鞍区包含脑垂体这一具有内分泌功能的特殊结构,鞍区肿瘤常表现出内分泌系统异常的症状,临床表现多样而复杂,患者生活质量受到严重影响。鞍区肿瘤主要包括垂体腺瘤、颅咽管瘤、生殖细胞瘤、脑膜瘤,炎症与鞍区肿瘤的研究近年来取得一定进展。白细胞介素(IL)6与垂体腺瘤细胞增殖有关,并可促进垂体生长激素瘤和垂体促肾上腺皮质激素腺瘤释放相关激素。颅咽管瘤中同样可见IL-6高表达。核因子κB在垂体腺瘤中表达水平升高。体外实验表明,环加氧酶抑制剂可抑制垂体腺瘤和脑膜瘤的增长。炎性细胞与颅咽管瘤、脑膜瘤、生殖细胞肿瘤的发生和发展相关。有关炎症与颅内生殖细胞肿瘤的研究较少,但与之类似的睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤发生机制的研究表明ILs和炎性细胞起重要作用。未来仍需更多体内试验来进一步探究炎症网络与鞍区肿瘤形成的具体作用模式,从而能研制出针对炎症过程的肿瘤治疗方法。
Saddle area contains the pituitary gland, a special structure with endocrine function. Saddle area tumors often show abnormalities of the endocrine system. The clinical manifestations are diverse and complex, and the quality of life of patients is severely affected. Resection of sellar tumors, including pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, germ cell tumor, meningioma, inflammation and saddle area tumor research has made some progress in recent years. Interleukin (IL) 6 is associated with proliferation of pituitary adenoma cells and promotes the release of hormones associated with pituitary growth hormone tumors and pituitary adrenocorticotrophic adenomas. Craniopharyngiomas also showed high IL-6 expression. Nuclear factor κB expression in pituitary adenoma increased. In vitro experiments showed that cyclooxygenase inhibitors can inhibit the growth of pituitary adenoma and meningioma. Inflammatory cells are associated with the occurrence and development of craniopharyngioma, meningioma and germ cell tumors. Studies on inflammation and intracranial germ cell tumors are rare, but a similar study on the mechanism of tumorigenesis in testicular germ cells suggests that ILs and inflammatory cells play an important role. In the future, more in vivo tests are still needed to further explore the specific mode of action of the inflammatory network and the formation of tumors in the sellar region so that a tumor treatment approach to the inflammatory process can be developed.