1引言蘑菇是一种真菌,它具有与其它绿色植物不同的生活周期。真菌不含叶绿素,是一种异养生物,它的营养来自其它植物或基质。我们所说的蘑菇其实是真菌的子实体。肉眼看不到的菌丝体的细丝能通过穿透基质,酶解有机物来获取营养。菌丝体长满基质后,只有在环境条件合适时,才能结实。 1 Introduction Mushrooms are fungi that have a different life cycle than other green plants. The fungus is chlorophyll-free and is a heterotrophic organism whose nutrition comes from other plants or matrices. What we are talking about mushrooms is actually a fruiting body of fungi. Filaments that are invisible to the naked eye can obtain nutrients by penetrating the substrate and enzymatically hydrolyzing the organic substances. After the mycelium is covered with matrix, it will be strong only when the environmental conditions are right.