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胃肠道是一个消化吸收器官,其粘膜层还能分泌免疫球蛋白A(IgA),附着于糖被而阻止抗原物质的吸收,此可称为消化系的免疫防御第一线。但仍有许多抗原性物质可避开粘膜免疫系统而被吸收,经门脉进入肝脏,再由肝内的枯否细胞清除。脾脏是网状内皮系统的重要组成部份,并能制造调理素和抗体,以加强枯否细胞的吞噬功能。肝、脾这种独特的解剖位置,使其在免疫防御中参与重要作用,故被称为消化系的免疫防御第二线。
Gastrointestinal tract is a digestive and absorptive organs, the mucosal layer can also secrete immunoglobulin A (IgA), attached to the sugar is to prevent the absorption of antigenic substances, which can be called the digestive system of the first line of immune defense. However, there are still many antigenic substances that can be absorbed by avoiding the mucosal immune system, entering the liver through the portal vein, and then being cleared by the Kupffer cells in the liver. The spleen is an important part of the reticuloendothelial system and can produce opsonins and antibodies to enhance phagocytosis of Kupffer cells. Liver, spleen, a unique anatomical location, so that it plays an important role in immune defense, it is called the second line of immune defense in the digestive system.