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光纤产品在高可靠性和低耗高效方面的技术优势是其在油田上得到广泛应用的关键因素。光纤传感器可在高压和高温等恶劣条件下使用。本文给出了井下分光计、分布式温度传感器和光纤压力传感器的工作原理和应用效果。井下分光计提供原位井下流体分析,并对地层流体的评估加以改进;光纤分布式温度传感器在注蒸汽井温度监测方面至关重要;侧孔光纤式压力传感器目前正在研发中,主要致力于超高温和井下压力监测任务。目前基于光纤传感器出现的商业产品还有:用于多相流测量和分布式动态应变测量的光纤探针。
The technological advantages of optical fiber products in terms of high reliability and low cost and high efficiency are key factors for their widespread use in the field. Fiber optic sensors can be used under harsh conditions, such as high pressure and high temperature. This article gives the working principle and application effect of downhole spectrometer, distributed temperature sensor and optical fiber pressure sensor. Downhole spectrometer to provide in-situ downhole fluid analysis and to improve the assessment of formation fluids; fiber optic distributed temperature sensor in steam injection well temperature monitoring is crucial; side hole optical fiber pressure sensor is currently under development, mainly to super High temperature and downhole pressure monitoring mission. Commercial products based on fiber optic sensors are also currently available: Fiber optic probes for multiphase flow measurements and distributed dynamic strain measurements.