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一、生长因子概述“生长因子”(growth factors)是指具有促使组织生长、细胞分裂增殖的一类活性物质,它不是营养物质。血清为细胞培养提供激素和生长因子,故几乎所有的动物细胞培养时都需要血清。目前已进行了分离提纯生长因子的大量工作,并获得了可喜成果。除血清外,从其它一些物质和组织中,如尿以及活体颌下腺、垂体浸出物中也提取出了多种生长因子。通常希望具有生理意义的生长因子在很低浓度时即显示生理活性。对生长因子应从其化学特性、来源、作用的靶细胞和活性表现进行了解。不过对大多数生长因子仍难作出完善评价,所以从来源上将其分别叙述较为方便。
First, the growth factor Overview “Growth factors” (growth factors) is to promote tissue growth, cell division and proliferation of an active substance, it is not a nutrient. Serum provides hormones and growth factors for cell culture, so almost all animal cells need serum when they are cultured. A great deal of work has been done on the isolation and purification of growth factors and gratifying results have been obtained. In addition to serum, a number of other growth factors have also been extracted from other substances and tissues, such as urine and submandibular glands and pituitary extracts. It is often desirable that physiologically significant growth factors exhibit physiological activity at very low concentrations. The growth factors should be understood from the target cells and their activity in terms of their chemical properties, origin and function. However, it is still hard to make a perfect evaluation of most growth factors, so it is convenient to describe them separately from the sources.