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为在浮空器平台上实现对太阳的准确跟踪,分析目前太阳能光伏发电系统中常用的跟踪方法和浮空器上太阳跟踪装置的特点,阐述被动式太阳跟踪方法和差分进化算法的原理。由于浮空器平台的不稳定性,在ZieglerNichols(Z-N)法整定PID参数的基础上,运用差分进化算法对PID参数做进一步优化,可实现太阳能的充分利用,减少动态跟踪时驱动电机的能量损耗。仿真结果表明:该控制方法可改善系统的动态特性,使系统的鲁棒性更强,为工程应用提供可靠的理论依据。
In order to accurately track the sun on the aerostat platform and analyze the tracking methods commonly used in solar photovoltaic systems and the characteristics of the solar tracking device on the aerostat, the principle of passive solar tracking and differential evolution algorithm are described. Due to the instability of the aerostat platform, based on the PID parameters of the Ziegler Nichols (ZN) method, the differential evolution algorithm is used to further optimize the PID parameters to make full use of the solar energy and reduce the energy loss of the driving motor during dynamic tracking . The simulation results show that this control method can improve the dynamic characteristics of the system and make the system more robust, thus providing a reliable theoretical basis for engineering application.