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冻结层上水的水文地球化学特征的研究对了解寒区冻结层上水具有重大的意义。文章通过对冻结层上水的水文地球化学特征的研究,以理论分析和实例阐述的方式指出:(1)冻结层上水化学特征的主要影响因素为自然因素;(2)地下水相变过程对冻结层上水化学特性的影响为使冻结层上水的化学成分和矿化度发生变化;(3)水文地球化学特征受不同季节包气带水分迁移过程的影响,其演化机理主要为:浓缩低温蒸发机理、低温—蒸发浓缩机理、低温—迁移机理;(4)通过对形成于勒拿河河漫滩阶地的季节性融化层的水化学状况的考察,得出:冻结层上水的水化学动态的主要特点主要由水的相变和包气带岩层水分迁移过程决定,可划分出3种主要的冬季冻结层上水的化学成分的浓缩机理:低温-结晶、低温-蒸发、低温-迁移机理。
The research on the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the water in the frozen layer is of great significance for understanding the water in the frozen layer in the cold area. By studying the hydrogeochemical characteristics of water in the frozen layer, the paper points out in the way of theoretical analysis and examples: (1) The main influencing factors of water chemistry in frozen layer are natural factors; (2) The process of groundwater phase transition (3) The hydrogeochemical characteristics are affected by the moisture migration process in the aeration zone in different seasons, and the evolution mechanism is mainly as follows: Concentration Low temperature evaporation mechanism, low temperature-migration mechanism; (4) Through the investigation of the hydrochemical status of the seasonal melting layer formed in the floodplain of the Lena River, it is concluded that the hydrochemical dynamics of the water in the frozen layer Is mainly determined by the phase transition of water and the process of water migration in the aeolian rock formations. It can be divided into three major types of winter freezing layer: chemical composition concentration mechanism of low temperature - crystallization, low temperature - evaporation, low temperature - migration mechanism .