文献报道垂枝桦(Betula pendula)叶的乙醇提取物具有溶血作用,其活性成分为皂甙。本文从垂枝桦叶中分离出3种溶血的活性成分达玛烷酯,并评价了其结构。垂枝桦叶以乙醇-水(2:3,3L)回流提取,真空浓缩提取物得暗绿色残渣,将残渣悬浮在水中,以氯仿提取。氯仿提取物经无水硫酸钠脱水后在真空浓缩,残渣溶于丙酮溶液中,加入活性炭,搅拌,离心,直至上层变为无包。分出有机层,蒸去溶剂得3.5g精制 The literature reports that the ethanol extract of Betula pendula leaves has hemolysis and its active ingredient is saponin. In this paper, three kinds of haemolytic active ingredients, damaran ester, were isolated from birch leaves and their structures were evaluated. The weeping birch leaves were extracted with ethanol-water (2:3,3 L), and the extract was concentrated in vacuo to give a dark green residue. The residue was suspended in water and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract was dehydrated over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in an acetone solution, activated charcoal was added, stirred, and centrifuged until the upper layer became non-encapsulated. Separate the organic layer and evaporate the solvent to obtain 3.5g of refined