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根据碑刻史料的记载,清代苏州地区已经形成了由各工商业行会管理本行业的商业自治秩序。针对各类商事纠纷与违规行为,各行会采取了行会禁令官方化、行会活动宗教化这两种事前预防措施,并且将财产罚、身份罚、名誉罚等多种颇具中国特色的惩处手段作为事后惩处措施。与此同时,地方官府亦将工商业行会规约作为最重要的裁判依据,以解决繁杂的商事纠纷。行会与官府的力量共同发挥作用,有效地维护了清代的商业自治秩序。
According to historical records of inscriptions, the Suzhou area of Qing Dynasty has formed a commercial autonomy order managed by various trade guilds in this industry. For various types of commercial disputes and irregularities, the guilds adopted two precautionary measures, including banning the officialization of guilds and the religiousization of guild activities. They also punished property punishments, identification penalties and fame penalties that were quite punishable with Chinese characteristics As a punitive measure afterwards. In the meantime, local officials also considered the statutes of the trade guilds as the most important basis for referees to resolve complicated commercial disputes. Guilds and government forces work together to effectively maintain the order of commercial autonomy in the Qing Dynasty.