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本文以低丘红壤茶园为对象,从反应条件,有机物的积累和分解,氮、磷、钾的固定、转化与平衡等方面,探讨了茶园土壤的主要农化性质,进而对茶树地上部和地下部,不同生长季节,以及营养生长与生殖生长对养分的需求和平衡关系作了研究。在此基础上,对我国8个茶叶主产省区20余个有代表性的茶叶生产单位,进行了茶园氮、磷、钾配合施肥的试验,明确了多元复合肥对茶树生长和茶叶增产提质的影响。根据最佳配比,茶叶专用肥“中茶Ⅰ号”已得到了大面积的推广与应用。最后,作者对茶园施肥提出三条建议:①要重施农家有机肥;②要多施以氮为主的多元复合肥;③要提倡测土施肥。
In this paper, we studied the main agrochemical properties of tea garden soils from the aspects of reaction conditions, the accumulation and decomposition of organic matter, the fixation, transformation and balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the hilly red soil tea plantation, Ministry, different growing seasons, as well as nutrient demand and balance between vegetative and reproductive growth. On this basis, the experiments of fertilizing with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tea plantations were carried out on more than 20 representative tea production units in 8 major tea-producing provinces and autonomous regions in China. It was clarified that the effect of compound fertilizer on tea plant growth and tea yield increase The impact of quality. According to the best ratio, tea special fertilizer “in the tea I” has been a large area of promotion and application. Finally, the author put forward three suggestions on fertilizing the tea plantation: ① reusing farm organic fertilizer; ② applying multiple fertilizer with nitrogen as the main component; and ③ promoting soil testing and fertilization.