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美、英、德、日等国家及我国港澳台地区的少年审判制度建立起步早,体系完备,在审判理念、立法模式、审判机构、审判管辖、审判流程、处遇体系等方面对于完善我国少年审判制度均具有重要的借鉴意义。本文在比较分析的基础上,得出以下启示:应树立以教育代替惩罚、以少年利益为中心的审判理念;构建独立、完备、富有中国特色的未成年人法律体系;采取多元化模式,建立独立的少年审判机构;将虞犯少年纳入少年法院的管辖范围之内;建立庭前社会调查报告制度、监护人出庭制度、未成年人刑事案件简化审制度、前科消灭制度等;构建完备的少年处遇体系,且以保护处分为主,以刑事处分为辅。
The juvenile trial system in the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and other countries in China, Hong Kong, Maucao and Taiwan in our country has been established early in the morning and has a sound system. It is of great importance to the improvement of China’s juveniles in terms of trial concept, legislative model, trial body, trial jurisdiction, trial flow, Judicial system has an important reference. Based on the comparative analysis, this paper draws the following enlightenment: It is necessary to establish the concept of adjudication focusing on the interests of juveniles with education instead of punishment; to build an independent, complete and legal system for minors with Chinese characteristics; to adopt a pluralistic model to establish An independent juvenile trial institution; incorporates juvenile delinquents into the jurisdiction of juvenile courts; the establishment of pre-trial social investigation report system, guardianship court system, simplified trial of juvenile criminal cases, extermination system and so forth; System, and to protect the main punishment, supplemented by criminal sanctions.