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目的探讨手足口病重症病例的危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法,病例组为182例手足口病重症病例,对照组为265例手足口病轻症病例,用问卷调查收集病例组和对照组的社会人口学特征、出生及喂养情况、既往史、接触史、就诊史、临床症状、实验室诊断等信息,对重症病例危险因素分析采用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析发现:身高、体重、职业、户口类型、早产儿、就医延迟时间、发热、病毒类型、外周血白细胞计数是重症发生的相关因素。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析发现流动人口(OR=2.182,P=0.021)、早产儿(OR=12.456,P=0.000)、发热(OR=2.234,P=0.009)、EV71(OR=6.575,P=0.000)、外周血白细胞计数升高(OR=2.731,P=0.008)是患手足口病重症的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论开展手足口病的健康教育工作,对手足口病重症的危险因素早期监测,及时对症治疗,达到降低手足口病病死率的目的。
Objective To explore the risk factors of HFMD cases. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 182 cases of HFMD in the case group and 265 cases of HFMD in the control group. The demographic characteristics, birth and feeding conditions of the case group and the control group were collected by questionnaire, Past history, history of exposure, history of visit, clinical symptoms, laboratory diagnosis and other information, analysis of risk factors for severe cases using univariate and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that height, weight, occupation, type of household registration, premature infants, medical treatment delay, fever, virus type and peripheral white blood cell count were the related factors of severe disease. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis found that the number of floating population (OR = 2.182, P = 0.021), premature infants (OR = 12.456, P = 0.000) = 0.000). Increased peripheral blood leukocyte count (OR = 2.731, P = 0.008) was a risk factor for HFMD (P <0.05). Conclusion To carry out health education of hand, foot and mouth disease, early detection of HFMD risk factors, timely symptomatic treatment, to reduce the mortality of hand, foot and mouth disease.