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木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)是世界三大薯类作物之一,也是中国重要的生物乙醇原料作物和潜在的粮食作物。木薯生产上长期的营养繁殖造成其遗传背景高度杂合,常规育种耗时长且效率低。因此,利用分子标记技术对常规木薯育种技术体系进行改良,提高木薯遗传育种效率,定向培育适合不同市场需求的木薯品种势在必行。本文对全球近20年来木薯分子标记辅助育种的研究工作进行了系统的梳理和总结,提出需要强化的研究领域和相应策略,并对建立较完善的木薯分子标记辅助育种技术体系进行了展望。
Manihot esculenta Crantz is one of the three major potato crops in the world and is also an important bioethanol crop and potential food crop in China. Long-term vegetative propagation on cassava production results in a highly heterogeneous genetic background, which can be time-consuming and inefficient in conventional breeding. Therefore, using molecular marker technology to improve the conventional cassava breeding technology system and improve the efficiency of cassava genetic breeding, it is imperative to orient and cultivate cassava varieties suitable for different market needs. This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the researches on molecular marker-assisted breeding of cassava in the world for the past 20 years and puts forward some research fields and corresponding strategies that need to be strengthened. Finally, a more complete system of molecular marker-assisted breeding for cassava is forecasted.