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国际救济机制的完善程度标志着经济和社会权利在国际法层面上的可诉性的程度。经过80多年的发展,经济和社会权利现有三种国际救济机制:申诉机制、国家间指控机制和一体化方法。联合国消除种族歧视委员会的申诉机制,国际劳工组织的集体申诉机制和国家间指控机制,欧洲理事会的集体申诉机制,美洲国家组织和非洲联盟个人申诉机制在经济和社会权利方面都有一定实践。联合国人权事务委员会、欧洲人权法院创造性地发展出一体化的方法。这些救济机制对发展经济和社会权利的法理,救济受侵害的经济和社会权利,促进相关国家改进经济和社会权利的国内保护起到了一定的作用。《〈经济、社会和文化权利国际公约〉任择议定书》的起草工作正在有条不紊地向前推进。
The degree of perfection of international relief mechanisms marks the extent to which economic and social rights are prosecutable at the level of international law. After more than 80 years of development, there are currently three types of international relief mechanisms for economic and social rights: grievance mechanisms, inter-State allegations mechanisms and integrated approaches. The complaints mechanisms of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the ILO’s collective complaints mechanism and the inter-State allegation mechanism, the Council of Europe collective complaints mechanism, the OAS and the African Union individual complaints mechanism all have some practice in economic and social rights. The UN Human Rights Committee and the European Court of Human Rights have creatively developed an integrated approach. These relief mechanisms have played a certain role in developing the legal principles of economic and social rights, in relief of the economic and social rights infringed upon, and in promoting the domestic protection of economic and social rights of the countries concerned. The drafting of the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is proceeding in an orderly manner.