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大洋洲横跨印澳板块、太平洋板块和欧亚板块三大板块,区内从太古宙至今经历了漫长的构造演化历史。根据区域地质特征,该区可划分为3个一级构造单元,即澳大利亚中西部前寒武纪克拉通、澳大利亚东部古生代造山带和环太平洋中新生代岛弧区,12个二级构造单元和40个三级构造单元。3个一级构造单元由于经历了不同的构造演化过程,各自发育了不同的岩石组合和矿化作用。在研究区域构造演化与成矿作用耦合关系的基础上,总结出3个构造单元的成矿特征:澳大利亚中西部前寒武纪克拉通成矿过程与克拉通的生长有关,成矿时代主要为太古宙和元古宙,优势矿种为金、铜、镍、锰、铁、铀、稀土、铅锌、铝土等;东部古生代造山带成矿多和古太平洋与古冈瓦纳板块的相互作用有关,成矿时代为古生代,优势矿种为铜、金、铅锌和钨锡;环太平洋中新生代岛弧区的成矿作用多与印澳板块、欧亚板块与太平洋板块的相互作用有关,成矿时代多集中在中—更新世,优势矿种为铜、金、镍、钴等。对大洋洲地区矿产资源潜力进行了评估,认为大洋洲地区的铁、锰、铜、铝、镍、金、铀、稀土等矿产资源均具有较好的潜力。
Oceania across the Indian Ocean plate, the Pacific plate and the Eurasian plate three plates, the region from the Archean has gone through a long history of tectonic evolution. According to regional geological features, the area can be divided into three first-order tectonic units: the Precambrian Craton in central and western Australia, the Paleozoic orogenic belt in the eastern part of Australia and the Meso-Cenozoic island arc in the Central Pacific, 12 secondary tectonic units and 40 tertiary building units. Three primary tectonic units developed different rock assemblages and mineralizations due to different tectonic evolution processes. Based on the study of the coupling relationship between regional tectonic evolution and mineralization, the mineralization characteristics of three tectonic units are summarized. The Precambrian cratonic mineralization in central western Australia is related to the growth of cratonic. The main mineralization age is Archean and Proterozoic. The dominant minerals are gold, copper, nickel, manganese, iron, uranium, rare earth, lead, zinc and bauxite. The eastern Paleozoic orogenic belts and the interaction between the ancient Pacific Ocean and the ancient Gondwana Plate The mineralization age is Paleozoic and the dominant minerals are copper, gold, lead, zinc and tungsten-tin. The metallogenesis of the Meso-Cenozoic island arc zone in the Pacific Rim is mostly related to the interaction between the Indian and Australian plates, the Eurasian plate and the Pacific plate Related to the ore-forming age and more concentrated in the - Pleistocene, the dominant minerals are copper, gold, nickel, cobalt and so on. The potential of mineral resources in Oceania has been assessed and it is believed that there are good potential for mineral resources such as iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, nickel, gold, uranium and rare earth in Oceania.