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违宪审查制度是人类政治与法治史上最重要的制度之一,也是现代社会控制国家权力、保护公民权利的最有效的手段。一个国家究竟采取哪一种违宪审查体制,并不是一种任意的主张或随意的选择,而是依据自己国家的具体国情,结合本国的历史背景、政治体制与法律传统等各种因素所进行的一种综合判断的结果。苏联解体前后,其违宪审查制度从最高苏维埃到宪法法院的变迁过程,可以给我国违宪审查制度的建构提供许多有益的启示。
The constitutional review system is one of the most important systems in the history of human rights and the rule of law. It is also the most effective means of controlling state power and protecting civil rights in modern society. It is not an arbitrary proposition or a random choice that a country should adopt in its constitutional review system. Instead, it is based on the specific national conditions in its own country, in combination with its own historical background, political system and legal tradition, and other factors A comprehensive judgment of the results. Before and after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the process of its constitutional review from the Supreme Soviet to the Constitutional Court can provide many beneficial enlightenments for the constitutional review of constitutional review in our country.