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庄子的理想人格中没有关于“真人”的认识。“真”字可能从“贞”字演变而来,本身包含有神秘性的内涵。“真人”一词,“内篇”中只在《大宗师》“真人四论”一段出现,可见它不象“至人”、“神人”、“圣人”那样属于庄子的基本思想概念。而且“真人”养“形”养“生”,追求长生不老的神仙思想,与庄子忽视“形”的意义、追求精神自由的思想不类。故可推定,《大宗师》的“真人四论”为庄子后学所缀入。
There is no understanding of “real person” in Zhuangzi’s ideal personality. The word “Zhen” may evolve from “Zhen”, which itself contains the mysterious connotation. The term “real person” appears only in the section “The Great Master” and “The Four Theory of the Real People” in the “Nei Pian”, showing that it does not belong to Chuang Tzu’s concept of basic ideas like “Supreme People,” “God’s Man,” and “Sage.” Moreover, the “real person” relies on “form” to support the “life”. The pursuit of the immortal immortal thought is not the same as that of Chuang Tzu ignoring the meaning of “form” and pursuing spiritual freedom. Therefore, it can be presumed that the theory of “reality of the four people in the Great Master” was annexed by Zhuangzi’s post-school.