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APOBEC3B是APOBEC3家族成员之一,是细胞内抗反转录病毒和反转录转座子的抑制因子。APOBEC3B利用其胞嘧啶脱氨酶活性,使病毒c DNA上的C脱氨基成U,导致另一条链生成A,产生G→A超突变。正常细胞发生大量的突变会诱发癌症。近期的研究显示在乳腺癌、宫颈癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、卵巢癌等肿瘤组织,APOBEC3B是被上调的,APOBEC3B被认为是造成人类多种癌症基因组U损伤和突变的重要来源。本文综述了APOBEC3B在抑制反转录病毒及癌症发展中的作用,为进一步研究抗病毒治疗和癌症的免疫治疗带来希望。
APOBEC3B, a member of the APOBEC3 family, is an inhibitor of intracellular retroviral and retrotransposons. APOBEC3B utilizes its cytosine deaminase activity to deaminate C on viral c DNA to U, resulting in the formation of A on the other chain resulting in a G → A hypermutation. A large number of normal cell mutations will induce cancer. Recent studies have shown APOBEC3B is upregulated in breast, cervical, bladder, lung, ovarian and other tumor tissues, and APOBEC3B is thought to be an important source of U-damage and mutations in many human cancers. This review summarizes the role of APOBEC3B in inhibiting the development of retroviruses and cancers and offers hope for further research on anti-viral therapy and cancer immunotherapy.