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食蚊鱼Gamb sia affinis(Baird et Girard)又名长颏鳉鱼或柳条鱼,在分类学上属于鳉形目(Cyprinodontiformes),食蚊鱼科(poeciliidae),是原产于北美洲大西洋沿岸低洼地和沟渠等水中的一种热带性卵胎生小鱼,因其喜欢食蚊的幼虫而著名,所以被称为食蚊鱼(Mosquito fish).在北美洲,自从本世纪初就开始利用食蚊鱼来灭蚊.美国政府鉴于这种鱼灭蚊效果显著,曾由政府机关主办,大规模饲养繁殖,后来把它传播到南美洲、檀香山、菲律宾群岛及其它各地,在灭蚊方面收到很好效果.一九二五年,苏联从意大利引进了食蚊鱼,放入南方地区的小型水域,经驯化后,迅速扩大放养范围,据报道不仅减少了灭蚊的经费,并且在苏联境内疟疾传播也显著减少.一九二○年后这种鱼已广泛传播于世界许多地区,近十年来伊朗和阿富汗都大量利用食蚊鱼来控制疟疾,并开展全国规模的工作,取得显著效果.
Gamb sia affinis (Baird et Girard), also known as chinny or wicker fish, taxonomically belonged to the family Cyprinodontiformes, poeciliidae, native to North American Atlantic shores Mosquito fish, a tropical, green-litter fish found in water, ground and ditches, is famous for its larval preference for mosquitoes. In North America, mosquitoes have been used since the early 2000s Fish to mosquito control.The United States government in view of the mosquito significant effect of this fish, was sponsored by the government agencies, large-scale breeding, and later spread to South America, Honolulu, the Philippine Islands and other places, received good mosquito control Effect. In 1925, the Soviet Union imported mosquito fish from Italy and placed it in small waters in the South. After its domestication, the stocking range was rapidly expanded. It not only reportedly reduced funding for mosquito control but also transmitted malaria in the Soviet Union But also significantly reduced after 1920. This fish has spread widely in many parts of the world since 1920. Iran and Afghanistan have made extensive use of mosquitoes to control malaria in the past decade and have conducted nationwide work with remarkable results.