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秃尖是影响玉米产量的重要数量性状,试验以不秃尖玉米自交系“666”和秃尖玉米自交系T6093为亲本,通过对P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B26个基本世代联合分析,对玉米的秃尖性状进行了遗传模型分析。结果表明:玉米果穗秃尖性状的最适模型是E-1模型,符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合模型,B1、B2、F23个世代的主基因遗传率分别为64.41%、64.00%和77.07%,微效多基因遗传率分别为25.24%、0和12.31%,玉米的秃尖性状主要受主效基因控制,受环境因素的影响很小。根据SSR标记结果,将控制玉米果穗秃尖性状的2个主效基因初步定位于玉米的第2条染色体和第7条染色体。
Bald tip is an important quantitative trait that affects the yield of maize. The experiment was carried out on P1, P2, F1, F2, B1, B26 cotton cultivars with no-tip corn inbred line “666” and bald tip maize inbred line T6093 The basic generation joint analysis of the bald-headed traits of maize genetic model analysis. The results showed that the optimum model of bald tip traits in maize was E-1 model, which accorded with two pairs of additive-dominance-epistatic major genes plus additive-dominant polygene mixed models, B1, B2 and F23 generations The heritability of the major genes were 64.41%, 64.00% and 77.07%, respectively. The heritability of polyploid gene was 25.24%, 0 and 12.31% respectively. The baldness traits of maize were mainly controlled by the major genes and were less affected by environmental factors . According to the results of SSR markers, the two major genes controlling the baldness of maize ear were initially located on chromosomes 2 and 7 of maize.