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为了降低车体的弹性振动,分析了激发车体垂向弹性振动的振动传递路径,建立了某型高速客车车体有限元模型。利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK的接口模块FEMBS建立了铁道客车刚柔耦合系统动力学模型,研究了牵引拉杆纵向刚度对车体弹性振动的影响。考虑了牵引拉杆最基本的牵引和制动功能,使用变刚度牵引拉杆来抑制车体的弹性振动。仿真结果表明:牵引拉杆纵向刚度不会改变车体刚体振动,仅对车体弹性振动有影响;高速客车的车轮偏心导致车体产生严重的弹性振动,一般发生在车辆低速运行情况下;使用变刚度牵引拉杆可以在保证牵引和制动功能的情况下明显降低车体垂向弹性振动与纵向振动,不影响车体横向振动。
In order to reduce the elastic vibration of vehicle body, the vibration transmission path of vertical elastic vibration of vehicle body is analyzed and a finite element model of high-speed passenger car body is established. The dynamics model of rigid-flexible coupling system of railway passenger car was established by FEMBS, an interface module of multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK. The influence of longitudinal stiffness of traction rod on elastic vibration of vehicle body was studied. Considered the most basic traction and braking function of the traction rod, the variable rigidity traction rod is used to restrain the elastic vibration of the vehicle body. The simulation results show that the longitudinal stiffness of the traction rod will not change the rigid body vibration of the vehicle body and affect only the elastic vibration of the vehicle body. The wheel eccentricity of the high-speed passenger car causes serious elastic vibration of the vehicle body, which usually occurs when the vehicle runs at low speed. Stiffness traction rod can significantly reduce the body vertical elastic vibration and longitudinal vibration under the condition of ensuring traction and braking functions, and does not affect the lateral vibration of the vehicle body.