对2015年1月1日至2016年6月30日在广西龙潭医院就诊的可疑耐药结核病患者2345例的标本进行培养分离,培养阳性标本通过硝基甲酸培养基生长试验法进行菌种鉴定,并采用比例法对异烟肼、利福平、乙胺丁醇、链霉素、对氨基水杨酸、氧氟沙星、卡那霉素和卷曲霉素进行药物敏感性试验(简称“药敏试验”).1814例患者结核分枝杆菌复合群临床分离株中,总耐药率23.59%(428/1814);新发耐药率23.37%(243/1040),复治耐药率23.90%(185/774);各类型耐药率顺位由高到低为:单耐药率10.14%(184/1814),耐多药率9.04%(164/1814),多耐药率4.19%(76/1814),广泛耐药率0.22%(4/1814).本研究结果 提示,就诊患者中总耐药率、耐多药率较高,以获得性耐药为主.应加强涂阳肺结核患者的治疗管理,提高治愈率.“,”To analyze the situation of the patients with suspected drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) who visited Guangxi Longtan Hospital.From January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2016, a total of 2345 such cases were enrolled in this study.The sputum specimens were collected from those enrolled patients and culture was done.For the culture positive isolations, strain identification and drug susceptibility testing to 8 anti-TB drugs (including isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, streptomycin, para-amino-salicylic acid, ofloxacin, kanamycin and capreomycin) were performed.The drug resistance rates based on the classifications of the drug-resistance TB were calculated.Among the 1814 patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection, the overall drug resistance rate was 23.59% (428/1814), while the rate was 23.37% (243/1040) in the new patients and 23.90% (185/774) in the retreatment patients;the mono-drug resistance rate was 10.14% (184/1814), multi-drug resistance (MDR) rate was 9.04% (164/1814), poly-drug resistance rate was 4.19% (76/1814), and extensively drug resistance (XDR) rate was 0.22% (4/1814).This study results show that the MDR rate in the patients who visited Longtan Hospital is higher than the national average level;both the overall drug resistance rate and the MDR rate are higher than the levels which obtained from the 1st Guangxi Provincial TB drug resistance baseline survey.