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我国是水资源比较丰富,总量位居世界前列,但是人均占有量却远远低于世界平均水平。从某种程度来说我国水资源比较匮乏。当前,灌溉系统自动化的水平较低已经成为了我国农业水资源高效利用的绊脚石。[1]在以色列、日本、美国这些发达国家地区,自动化灌溉已经得到了普及。在传感器的帮助下,水灌溉已经由传统的充分灌溉过渡到非充分灌溉,传感器不仅可以检测土壤水含量,还可以监测土壤的墒情和农作物的生长,真正做水资源的智能化控制。要想发展农业现代化就必须提高水资源利用率,实现高效农业和精细农业。仅凭一项节水灌溉是无法实现农业现代化,还应当考虑到水资源的开发、输送、灌溉技术等,这些方面都会应当到对水资源的合理利用。
Our country is rich in water resources and ranks first in the world in terms of the total amount, but the per capita possession is far below the world average. To some extent, China’s water resources are scarce. Currently, the low level of automation in irrigation systems has become a stumbling block to the efficient use of agricultural water resources in China. [1] In the developed countries of Israel, Japan and the United States, automatic irrigation has been popularized. With the help of sensors, water irrigation has been transformed from the traditional full irrigation to inadequate irrigation. The sensor can not only detect the soil water content, but also monitor the soil moisture content and the growth of crops, so that the water resources can be intelligently controlled. In order to develop agricultural modernization, we must increase the utilization of water resources to achieve efficient agriculture and fine agriculture. A water-saving irrigation alone can not achieve agricultural modernization. Water resources development, transportation and irrigation technologies should also be taken into consideration. All these should result in the rational utilization of water resources.