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采用热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法模拟了奥氏体不锈钢SUS304在单道堆焊时的温度场和应力场,探讨了加工硬化和退火软化对焊接残余应力计算结果的影响,重点考察了数值模型中的退火温度设定值对焊接残余应力计算精度的影响.数值模拟结果表明:退火软化效应对纵向残余应力的计算结果有明显影响,随着退火温度设定值的升高,纵向残余应力的峰值增大,而且焊缝及其附近的纵向应力有整体升高的趋势.退火温度对横向残余应力的影响较小.比较计算结果与实验结果可知,SUS304钢的退火温度设定为1000℃时,数值模拟结果与实测结果比较吻合.
The temperature field and stress field of austenitic stainless steel SUS304 during single-pass surfacing were simulated by thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method. The effects of work-hardening and annealing softening on the calculation of welding residual stress were discussed. The influence of annealing temperature setting on the calculation accuracy of welding residual stress is simulated.The numerical simulation results show that annealing softening effect has a significant effect on the calculation of longitudinal residual stress.With the increase of annealing temperature setting, And the longitudinal stress in the vicinity of the weld seam tends to increase as a whole.The effect of annealing temperature on the residual stress in the transverse direction is small.Compared with the experimental results, the annealing temperature of SUS304 steel is set to 1000 ℃ , The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the measured ones.