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目的:探讨多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的细胞形态学、白球蛋白比例(A/G),血清蛋白电泳、血清免疫固定电泳,在疾病诊断中的作用。方法:回顾性分析31例多发性骨髓瘤细胞形态学特点,实验室常用指标和临床特点。结果:31例MM病例中:骨髓涂片中骨髓瘤细胞比例在(10%~20%)的6例(19.4%),骨髓瘤细胞比例在(21%~30%)的2例(6.4%),骨髓瘤细胞比例在(31%~85.5%)的20例(64.5%),骨髓瘤细胞比例〈10%的3例(9.7%);血清蛋白电泳有M蛋白的26例(83.3%);血清免疫固定电泳:IgG型18例(58.1%),IgA型8例(25.8%),轻链型5例(16.1%);白球蛋白比例(A/G)倒置的24例(77.4%)。结论:骨髓细胞形态学检查是诊断MM的主要方法。血清学特点和临床表现对MM的诊断有提示作用,三者需紧密结合。
Objective: To investigate the role of cell morphology, white blood cell globulin (A / G), serum protein electrophoresis and serum immunofixation in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 31 cases of multiple myeloma morphological characteristics, laboratory commonly used indicators and clinical features. Results: Among the 31 cases of MM, 6 cases (19.4%) had myeloma cells in the bone marrow smears and 2 cases (6.4%) had the myeloma cells in 21% ~ 30% ), 20 cases (64.5%) with myeloma cells (31% -85.5%), 3 cases (9.7%) with myeloma cells <10% and 26 cases (83.3%) with M protein by electrophoresis. ; Serum immunostaining electrophoresis: 18 cases (58.1%) of IgG type, 8 cases (25.8%) of IgA type, 5 cases (16.1%) of light chain type; 24 cases (77.4%) of inverted white blood globulin ratio . Conclusion: The morphology of bone marrow cells is the main method to diagnose MM. Serological features and clinical manifestations of MM have prompted the diagnosis, the three need to be closely integrated.