论文部分内容阅读
为探讨耕作方式对中小型土壤动物群落结构及多样性的影响,选取中国科学院海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站定位试验的5种耕作方式免耕、少耕、平翻耕作、组合耕作和旋耕为对象,采用改良干漏斗(Modified Tullgren)法分离0～15cm土层中的中小型土壤动物,分析比较了不同耕作方式下中小型土壤动物的群落结构及分布特征。结果表明:不同耕作方式下中小型土壤动物群落结构及分布特征存在差异;高壳甲螨科和小甲螨科为5种耕作方式中共有的优势类群,传统耕作的旋耕和平翻耕作之间,保护性耕作的免耕和少耕之间中小型土壤动物群落结构相似度高;组合耕作很好地保持了中小型土壤动物垂直分布的表聚特征,少耕下中小型土壤动物群落结构具有较高的Shannon指数、均匀度和优势度;耕作方式可影响中小型土壤动物群落结构,少耕和组合耕作等保护性耕作措施有利于中小型土壤动物群落结构的稳定,且保持了中小型土壤动物垂直分布的表聚特征。
In order to investigate the effects of farming patterns on the community structure and diversity of soil micro-and small-scale soil fauna, five farming methods of no-tillage, tillage, flat tillage and combination tillage were selected according to the location experiment of the National Field Observatory of Hailun Farmland Ecosystem in Chinese Academy of Sciences Rotary cultivation was used to separate small and medium sized soil animals in 0 ~ 15cm soil layer by modified Tullgren method. The community structure and distribution characteristics of small and medium soil animals under different tillage methods were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the structure and distribution characteristics of soil micro-and small-scale soil fauna were different under different tillage practices. High-shelled mite family and small mite family were the dominant groups among the five tillage practices. Among the traditional tillage rotary tillage and flat tillage , And the similarities of the structure of small and medium sized soil animal community between no-tillage and tillage in conservation tillage were high. The combined farming maintained well the vertical distribution of small and medium-sized soil animal, and the community structure of small- Higher Shannon’s index, evenness and dominance. Tillage practices can affect the community structure of small and medium-sized soil animals. Conservation tillage measures such as tillage and combination tillage are beneficial to the stability of small and medium-sized soil animal community structure, Vertical distribution of animal polygons.