供应链是指从原料采购开始 ,经过生产、贮存、仓库管理、分发、运输、定单履行 ,直到客户服务及市场需求预测、定货这样一个全过程。其组成部分既可以是某地区的一个单独企业 ,也可以是由不同国家或地区的许多企业组成的集团公司 ,其子系统可以是一个装置、一个车间、一个分厂 Supply chain is from the beginning of the procurement of raw materials, production, storage, warehouse management, distribution, transportation, order fulfillment, until the customer service and market demand forecasting, ordering such a whole process. Its components can be either a single enterprise in a region or a group of companies comprised of many companies in different countries or regions. Its subsystems can be a plant, a workshop, a branch