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土的物理力学性质的差异或变化取决于土的微观结构。路基强度与变形的破坏其根本原因是出于土内部结构的复杂性,当代土力学的发展要求定量表示出土的结构性。深入细致地分析了微结构分析方法,并以压实黄土为例,定性和定量分析了不同压实度下黄土的微结构特性。研究结果表明:扫描电镜和数字图像处理技术是实现路基材料内部组成结构快速、客观分析的有效技术手段;随着压实度的提高,黄土由原来天然状态的粒状、架空、接触结构,逐渐改变为粒状、镶嵌、接触—胶结结构;大、中孔隙的含量越来越少,微、小孔隙的含量越来越多,不管压实功有多大、压实度有多高,孔隙总是存在的,只是孔隙的比例不同而已。
The differences or changes in the physical and mechanical properties of soils depend on the microstructure of the soil. The basic reason for the failure of subgrade strength and deformation is that it is out of the complexity of the internal structure of soil. The development of modern soil mechanics requires that the structure of the soil be quantitatively expressed. The microstructure analysis method is deeply analyzed in detail. Taking compacted loess as an example, the microstructure characteristics of loess under different compaction degrees are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the scanning electron microscopy and digital image processing techniques are effective techniques to realize the rapid and objective analysis of the internal structure of subgrade materials. With the increase of compaction degree, the loess gradually changes from the granular, overhead and contact structure of the original natural state For the granular, mosaic, contact - cementing structure; large and medium-pore content less and less, the content of micro and small pores more and more, no matter how much compaction work, how high compaction, porosity always exists The only difference is the proportion of pores.