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在土柱栽培条件下研究膜下滴灌土壤深层水对棉花根系生长的影响及与植株地上部生长的关系,设置土壤(60～120cm)有深层水和无深层水2个处理,每处理设2个生育期间灌溉处理,分别为田间持水量70%和55%.结果表明:棉花总根质量密度、40～120cm土层根长密度、根系活力等与地上部干质量间均具有显著的相关关系.生育期间耕层70%田间持水量条件下,土壤有深层水处理的总根质量密度与无深层水处理无明显差异,但40～120cm土层的根长密度增加,根系活力增强,提高了土壤贮备水消耗量,增加了地上部干质量,最终获得较高的经济产量及水分利用效率.土壤有深层水条件下,生育期间耕层55%田间持水量处理的根冠比较大,40～120cm土层根长密度和80～120cm土层根系活力相对较高,土壤贮备水消耗量大幅提高,但仍无法弥补生育期间水分亏缺对根系及地上部生物量造成的负面影响,导致经济产量显著低于70%田间持水量处理.综上,充足的土壤深层水配合生育期间耕层65%～75%田间持水量,可促进棉花根系向下生长,有利于实现膜下滴灌棉花节水高产高效生产.
The effects of subterranean drip irrigation of deep soil water on the root growth of cotton and the relationship with the growth of shoots were studied under the condition of soil column cultivation. Two treatments (deep soil water and no deep soil) were set up in soil (60 ~ 120cm) The results showed that there was a significant correlation between cotton total root mass density, root length density at 40 ~ 120cm depth, root vigor and aboveground dry weight Under the 70% field water holding condition, the total root mass density of soil with deep water treatment had no significant difference with no deep water treatment, but the root length density of 40 ~ 120cm soil layer increased, the root activity increased, Soil water consumption increased the above-ground dry weight, and finally gained higher economic yield and water use efficiency.When the soil had deep water, the root crown of 55% The root length density of 120cm soil layer and the root activity of 80 ~ 120cm soil layer were relatively high, and the water consumption of soil storage water increased significantly, but it still could not make up for the negative impact of water deficit on root and aboveground biomass during growth. Resulting in economic output was significantly lower than 70% of the field water treatment.In summary, sufficient deep soil water with crop growth during 65% to 75% of field capacity, can promote down-growth of cotton roots, is conducive to the realization of drip irrigation under cotton Water-saving high-yield and efficient production.