The microstructures and properties of a series of binary Ti-Mo alloys with molybdenum contents ranging from 5% to 20%(mass fraction) were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the crystal structure and morphology of the cast alloys are sensitive to their molybdenum contents. When the Mo content is 5%,the equiaxed α crystal grain is observed. When the Mo content is 10%,the equiaxed α crystal grain and fine needles β phase are observed. When the Mo contents are 15% and 20%,only the equiaxed β crystal grain is observed. When the Mo content is 10%,the synthetical properties of the Ti-Mo alloy are the best. The data of hardness (HV451),compression strength (1636 MPa),compression ratio (22.5%) and elastic modulus (29.8 GPa) were collected. The increase of molybdenum contents is propitious to crystal refinement and improvement of plasticity of Ti-Mo alloys. The dry wear resistance of Ti-Mo alloys against Gr15 ball was investigated on CJS111A ball-disk wear instrument. The results show that the dry wear resistance of Ti-Mo alloys is correlative with hardness and mechanical properties. With the ductility increasing,the dry wear resistance reduces. The friction coefficient of 10%Mo alloy is the lowest,the dry wear resistance is the best. The wear particles,wear scar depth and width of the 10%Mo alloy are smaller than that of other Ti-Mo alloys. Considering all kinds of properties of Ti-Mo alloys,10%Mo alloy is prospective dental prostheses material.