目的分析2000-2007年佛山市甲1亚型(H1N1)毒株流行情况及其HA1基因变异情况。方法用MDCK细胞分离流感病毒,采用血球凝集抑制试验进行型别鉴定,选取每年2~4株甲1亚型毒株的细胞培养物提取病毒核酸,进行HA1基因的逆转录,对其核苷酸和氨基酸序列及亲缘关系进行分析。结果病毒分离结果显示2000-2007年间甲1亚型流感病毒在佛山市人群中的流行是间断性的,只在2000、2001、2005、2006年4个年份分离到甲1亚型流感毒株。毒株的HA1区氨基酸序列与流感疫苗推荐株A/New Caledonia/20/99和A/Solomon Islands/3/2006相比,同源性分别为97.2%~99.7%和97.2%~98.5%。氨基酸残基平均替换数随年份的推移而增加,只有2006年的毒株在抗原决定簇发生了替换。结论与疫苗株比较,佛山市的甲1亚型流感毒株抗原性已逐渐发生了改变,应密切注意疫苗对毒株的免疫效果。 Objective To analyze the prevalence and mutation of HA1 gene of the H1N1 strain from 2000 to 2007 in Foshan City. Methods The influenza virus was isolated from MDCK cells and the hemagglutination inhibition test was used to identify the type of virus. The virus nucleic acid was extracted from cell cultures of 2 to 4 strains of subtype A 1 each year, and the HA1 gene was reverse transcribed. And amino acid sequence and genetic relationship analysis. Results The results of virus isolation showed that the prevalence of Influenza A subtype 1 in Foshan population was intermittent during 2000-2007. Influenza virus subtype A (H1N1) was isolated only in 2000, 2001, 2005 and 2006. The homology of the HA1 region of the strain was 97.2% -99.7% and 97.2% -98.5%, respectively, compared with the influenza vaccine recommended strains A / New Caledonia / 20/99 and A / Solomon Islands / 3/2006. The average number of substitutions of amino acid residues increased with the passage of time, and only the strains of 2006 were replaced in the antigenic determinants. Conclusion Compared with the vaccine strains, the antigenicity of influenza A subtype strains in Foshan has gradually changed. Therefore, the vaccine should be given close attention to the immune effect of the vaccine strains.