目的　研究与急性心肌缺血功能有关的神经元在大鼠脑内的分布。　方法　股静脉注射血管加压素诱发大鼠急性心肌缺血 ,用免疫组织化学 ABC法 ,观察 Fos蛋白在脑内的表达和分布。　结果　 Fos阳性产物分布于梨状皮质、伏核、终纹床核、扣带回、斜角带核、下丘脑室旁核、视上核、视交叉上核、弓状核、中央杏仁核、穹窿下器、丘脑室旁核、外侧缰核、中脑中央灰质腹外侧区、脑桥臂旁外侧核、蓝斑、延髓内脏带等脑区 ,而在大脑白质及小脑中无明显的密集分布区。　结论　心肌缺血诱发的 Fos阳性神经元在大鼠脑内有着广泛的分布 Objective To study the distribution of neurons related to acute myocardial ischemia in rat brain. Methods Acute myocardial ischemia was induced by intravenous injection of vasopressin in femoral vein. The expression and distribution of Fos protein in brain were observed by immunohistochemical ABC method. Results Fos positive products distributed in the piriform cortex, nucleus accumbens, striation bed nucleus, cingulate gyrus, diagonal band nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, suprachiasmaticus, arcuate nucleus, central amygdala, Subfornal hypothalamus, paravertebral hypothalamus, lateral thalamic nucleus, lateral habenular nucleus, midbrain central ventrolateral medulla oblongata, lateral parabrachial plexus, locus coeruleus and medulla oblongata, but not in brain white matter and cerebellum . Conclusion Fos-positive neurons induced by myocardial ischemia have a wide distribution in rat brain