伟大的十月社会主义革命胜利已经七十周年了。70年来,苏联在探索解决中学历史教学的目的和任务方面,在对青少年一代的共产主义教育方面,在课程的设置和教学大纲及教科书建设方面,经历了长期、复杂、曲折的发展道路。这条道路和苏联的社会主义革命和建设,和国民教育制度的确立与完善密切相关。在纪念伟大十月社会主义革命70周年之际,让我们看一看苏联中学历史教学的发展道路吧。十月革命初期,列宁对旧的教育制度提出尖锐批判。指出:旧学校教授很多无用的累赘的死板的知识,工农子弟在旧学校里与其说是受教育,倒不如说是受资产阶级奴化。列宁号召消灭旧教育制度,实行教育革命。但是当时,一些中小学校醉心实行“分 The seventieth anniversary of the victory of the great October socialist revolution has already taken place. In the past 70 years, the Soviet Union has been exploring long-term, complicated, and tortuous development paths in the communist education of the younger generation in terms of curriculum setting, syllabus and textbook construction. This road and the Soviet socialist revolution and construction are closely related to the establishment and improvement of the national education system. In commemorating the 70th anniversary of the great October socialist revolution, let us take a look at the history of Soviet high school history teaching. At the beginning of the October Revolution, Lenin put forward a sharp critique of the old education system. It was pointed out that the old school taught a lot of useless and cumbersome knowledge. The children of the workers and peasants were not educated in the old school but rather were enslaved by the bourgeoisie. Lenin called for the eradication of the old education system and education revolution. But at the time, some primary and secondary schools rushed to implement