子痫前期(preeclampsia,PE)是妊娠20周后出现的特发性高血压综合征,其病因和发病机制至今仍未完全阐明。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类内源性的单链非编码RNA。新近研究证实,PE胎盘中存在异常表达的miRNA,分析母体血清miRNA表达谱有助于PE的早期预测,进一步研究PE相关miRNA及其靶基因的功能可能有助于阐明PE的发病机制,进而为PE的预防和治疗提供新思路。综述新近发现的与PE密切相关的miRNA的研究进展。 Preeclampsia (PE) is an idiopathic hypertension syndrome that occurs after 20 weeks gestation. The etiology and pathogenesis of it are still not completely elucidated so far. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous single-stranded non-coding RNAs. Recent studies have confirmed that PE placenta abnormal expression of miRNA, maternal serum miRNA expression profiling contribute to the early prediction of PE, further study of PE-related miRNA and its target gene function may help elucidate the pathogenesis of PE, which is PE prevention and treatment to provide new ideas. The progress of the newly discovered miRNAs closely related to PE is reviewed.