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目的：分析误诊为神经系统疾病的鼻咽癌患者的临床表现，病理改变及误诊原因。方法：对２０例误诊为神经系统疾病的鼻咽瘤患者进行回顾性调查，其中１４例行活体组织病理检查，６例行鼻咽部ＣＴ和／或ＭＲＩ平扫加增强。结果：头痛是鼻咽癌患者最早期和最常见的症状（占８０％），其次为复视（占５０％）、耳闭塞感、听力减退和鼻衄（各占４０％）等。病理类型以未分化癌（５０％）和鳞状细胞癌（４３％）居多。鼻咽部ＣＴ／ＭＲＩ检查有利于鼻咽癌的早期诊断。结论；鼻咽部检查应作为可疑病例的一种常规检查，同时取活检，以提高鼻咽癌的早期诊断率。
Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations, pathological changes and misdiagnosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma misdiagnosed as nervous system diseases. Methods: Twenty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were misdiagnosed as neurological diseases were investigated retrospectively. Among them, 14 cases were examined by biopsy and 6 by nasopharyngeal CT and / or MRI scan combined with MRI. Results: Headache was the earliest and most common symptom of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (80%), followed by diplopia (50%), ear occlusion, hearing loss and epistaxis (40% each). Pathological types are mostly undifferentiated carcinoma (50%) and squamous cell carcinoma (43%). Nasopharyngeal CT / MRI is helpful for the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Conclusion; Nasopharyngeal examination should be used as a routine examination of suspicious cases, and biopsy to improve the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.