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《中华人民共和国立法法》在2000年的九届人大三次会议上获得通过。立法法所要解决的首要问题是立法权限的合理配置。宪法和组织法确立了我国有权立法的主体,但未对立法权在这些主体间的分配作出规定,因此,立法法要致力于解决实践中存在的立法无序、立法冲突和立法侵权等问题,首先必须解决立法权限配置这一宪法未尽的问题。立法权限配置的基本目标,是有效地保障公民权利,促进人民民主权力的实现,同时,兼顾和提高行政效率。然而,立法法对立法权限配置问题的解决并不尽如人意,作为将在我国的立法权限配置中起到基础性作用的法律,立法法有关权限配置的规定,尚不足以实现上述目标。本文就立法法关于立法权限的规定的缺陷进行分析阐述,并提出相应的完善建议。
The “Legislation Law of the People’s Republic of China” was passed at the Third Session of the Ninth NPC in 2000. The primary issue to be solved by the law of legislation is the rational allocation of legislative powers. Therefore, the legislative law should devote itself to resolving the problems of legislative disorder, legislative conflicts and legislative infringement existing in practice. In the meantime, First of all, we must solve the issue of the constitutional power of legislature. The basic objective of the allocation of legislative powers is to effectively protect the rights of citizens and promote the realization of people’s democratic rights. At the same time, we should give consideration to and improve administrative efficiency. However, the solution to the problem of the allocation of legislative power in legislative law is not satisfactory. As the law that will play a fundamental role in the allocation of legislative power in our country, the provisions concerning the allocation of authority in legislative law are not enough to achieve the above goal. This article analyzes and elaborates the shortcomings of the legislative provisions on the legislative authority, and puts forward the corresponding suggestions.