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本文采用一种精确的非线性有限元法研究了固端约束对加载到非弹性及有限变形范围内的钢拱承载能力的影响。该方法考虑了有关材料非线性现象的两个重要因素,即屈曲区在横截面内和沿拱纵轴方向扩展以及由应变逆转引起的卸载。彻底检验了弯矩和轴向推力间相互作用的特殊性质,变位模式的变化情况,屈曲区和卸载区随荷载量级的扩展以及拱脚处的局部破坏。采用线性理论、二阶弹性理论和精确的非线性理论分析了直到稳定极限荷载时,钢拱的荷载—变位特性。
In this paper, an accurate nonlinear finite element method is used to study the influence of the fixed-end constraint on the load carrying capacity of steel arch loaded into the inelastic and finite deformation range. The method takes into account two important factors related to material nonlinearities: the buckling zone expands both in cross section and along the longitudinal axis of the arch and unloading due to strain reversal. Thoroughly examines the special properties of the interaction between bending moment and axial thrust, the change of displacement mode, the expansion of the buckling zone and unloading zone with the load level and the local damage at the arch foot. The linear and second-order elastic theory and exact nonlinear theory are used to analyze the load-displacement characteristics of steel arch until stable ultimate load.