世界上没有一样事物不是自身等同而又包含差别的。事物只能与自身相等同而不能等同于他物 ,否则 ,万事万物之间就没有差别 ,无法区分了。任何事物内部又无不包含着差别。这些差别在一定条件下发生融合或分化的运动 ,并从这种运动中产生旧质到新质的发展和变化。恩格斯提出“思维和存在的关系问题还有另一个方面” ,本意是指———虽然主张“存在第一”是唯物主义的观点 ,然而如果像黑格尔那样 ,他的“存在”是其“绝对观念”(思维 )的派生物 ,二者是“同一”的 ,那么黑格尔的“存在第一”就变成了“思维第一” ,本是唯物主义的观点就“倒置过来”成了唯心主义观点了。因此 ,不但主张精神第一的是唯心主义 ,而且主张思维与存在同一性的 ,也是唯心主义 ,并且是最新形式的唯心主义 ! There are no different things in the world that are not identical but contain differences. Things can only be equal to themselves and can not be equated with other things, otherwise, there is no difference between all things, can not be distinguished. Nothing is different in everything. These differences under certain conditions occur fusion or differentiation of the movement, and from this campaign to produce the old quality to new quality development and change. Engels proposed that “there is another aspect to the question of the relationship between thinking and being,” which means that although “existence first” is a materialistic point of view, if, like Hegel, his “existence” is The derivative of “absolute idea” (thinking), both of which are “identical”, then Hegel’s “Existence First” becomes “thinking first”, the view of materialism is “inverted” Has become the idealist point of view. Therefore, not only advocating the spirit of the first is the idealism, and advocating the same thinking and existence, but also the idealism, and is the latest form of idealism!