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城市公共空间具有多种内涵,是城市魅力的源泉。北京在城市演进更新的历程中,政治、经济、文化、社会等多重因素,在不同阶段对城市公共空间产生了重要影响。本文解读了公共空间的基本特征和中西方公共空间营造的区别与联系,梳理了北京城市更新不同阶段的主要特征,并对其中城市公共空间演进的背景、历程和主要事件进行深入研究,对北京城市形成期、转化期、生长期的公共空间演进机制和影响进行分析,提出北京未来公共空间营造的导向正逐渐从政治、经济转向社会与人文因素,公共空间的功能与形态从单一走向复合,从分散走向系统,将形成统一与多元的公共空间系统。
Urban public space has a variety of connotation, is the source of urban charm. In the process of urban evolution and renewal in Beijing, the multiple factors of politics, economy, culture and society have played an important role in the urban public space in different stages. This article explains the basic characteristics of public space and the differences and relations between the public space in China and the West. It also analyzes the main features of different stages of urban renewal in Beijing and makes an in-depth study of the background, history and major events of urban public space evolution. The analysis of the evolution mechanism and influence of the public space in the urban formation, transformation and urban growth stages suggests that the future orientation of public space in Beijing will gradually shift from politics and economy to social and human factors. The function and form of public space will change from single to composite, From scattered to the system, will form a unified and diverse public space system.