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一、前言陆地、海洋以及大气层无疑是人类生存、生活和生产活动的主要环境,但这些环境与外层空间中发生的多种现象有着密切的联系。一九八一年九月于意大利首都罗马召开的国际宇航联合会第三十二届年会上,提出陆地为人类的第一环境、海洋为第二环境、大气层为第三环境、外层空间为第四环境。第一环境与第二环境,第一、二环境与第三环境可以严格进行分界;但第三环境与第四环境的分界还存在一些不确定之处。因为大气层从地球表面开始向外
I. INTRODUCTION Terrestrial, oceans and the atmosphere are undoubtedly the major environments for the survival, livelihoods and productive activities of humankind. However, these environments are closely linked to the many phenomena that occur in outer space. At the 32nd annual meeting of the International Astronautical Federation held in Rome in September 1981 in Rome, he proposed that the land should be the first environment for mankind. The ocean should be the second environment, the atmosphere should be the third environment, and the outer space For the fourth environment. The first environment and the second environment, the first and second environment and the third environment can be strictly demarcation; but there is still some uncertainty between the third and fourth environment. Because the atmosphere starts out from the surface of the Earth